Bio Zoology Biology Higher Secondary Second Year Tamil Nadu State Board

Bio Zoology Biology Higher Secondary Second Year Tamil Nadu State Board Syllabus

Human Physiology Content Zoology

Introduction – Carbohydrates – Proteins – Lipids – Vitamins – Minerals – Water – Balanced diet – Calorie values (ICMR standards) – Obesity – Hyperglycemia – hypoglycemia – Malnutritions. Digestion : Enzymes and enzyme action – Brief account of following – Dental caries – Root canal therapy – Peptic ulcer – Hernia – Appendicitis – Gall bladder stone – Liver cirrhosis – Hepatitis. Bones and Joints (Major types) : Fractures – Dislocations – Arthritis – Rickets and osteomalacia – Orthopaedics – Gout. Muscles : Muscle action – Muscle tone – Rigor mortis – Muscle pull (hernia) – Isometric and aerobic exercises (Body building) – Myasthenia gravis. Respiration : Process of pulmonary respiration – Inspiration – Expiration – Exchange of gases at alveolar level – Control of respiration – Pneumonia – Pleurisy – Tuberculosis – Bronchitis – Breathing exercises Circulation-Functioning of heart-Origin and conduction of heart beat. Artificial pacemaker-Coronary blood vessel and its significance-Myocardial infarction,Angina pectoris-Angiogram,angioplasty and coronary bipass surgery- Atherosclerosis-Heart attack-Heart block-ECG and Echo cardiograph-Heart valves Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)-ICCUArterial and venous systems-Blood pressure-pulse rate-Heart transplantation Resuscitation in Heart attack (First Aid)-Blood components Function-Plasma-Corpuscles -Blood clotting-Anticoagulants-Thrombosis- Embolism-blood related diseases like polycythemia Leukemia-Lymph fluid. Physiological-Co-ordination Systems-Brain-Functioning of different regions-Memory-Sleep-Stroke-Alzhemier’s disease-Meningitis/Brain fever Conditioned reflex-Electroencephalography-Right brain-left brain concept-Spinal cord- Functioning-Reflex action-CSF-Chemical co-ordination-Pituitary (Hormones of Adenohypophysis and their regulations)-Thyroid,Parathyroidal hormones-Insulin and Glucagon-Hormones of Adrenal cortex and Medulla-Reproductive Hormones-Problems related to Secretion Non secretion of Hormones. Receptor Organs-Eye-Focussing Mechanism & photo chemistry of retina-Short sightedness-Longsightedness-Optometry-Retinopathy-Cataract-Lens  eplacement- Nyctalopia-Eye infection-Conjunctivitis-Glaucuoma-Eye care-EAR-Hearing mechanism- Organ of corti-Hearing impairments and aids-Noise pollution and its importance- SKIN-Melanin-functions-Effect of solar radiations/UV-Skin Grafting- Dematitis-TONGUE-Gustatory reception. Excretion-Ureotelism-Urea Biosynthesis(Ornithine Cycle)-Nephron ultrafiltration,tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion-Renal failure-Dialysis Kidney stone formation-Kidney Transplantation-Diabetes. Reproductive system-Brief account of speramtogenesis – Oogenesis Menstrual cycle-Invitro fertilization-Birthcontrol

Unit 1 – Human Physiology Topic List Zoology

  1. Human Physiology Introduction
  2. Nutrition
  3. Carbohydrates Poly hydroxyaldehydes (or) ketones
  4. Proteins (Polypeptides)
  5. Lipids
  6. Vitamins – Functions Of Vitamins
  7. Deficiency of Vitamin
  8. Minerals – Water – Role of water
  9. Balanced diet
  10. Obesity
  11. Digestive System
  12. Dental Caries (Tooth decay)
  13. Root Canal Treatment
  14. Peptic ulcer
  15. Hernia and Types
  16. Appendicitis (Appendix)
  17. Gall Stones
  18. Hepatitis
  19. Fractures – Types of fractures
  20. Mechanism of fracture
  21. Dislocation of joints
  22. Arthiritis
  23. Rickets and Osteomalacia – Orthopedics
  24. Muscles
  25. Mechanism of muscle contraction
  26. Types of muscle contraction
  27. Myasthenia Gravis
  28. Respiration – Process of pulmonary respiration
  29. Mechanism of Breathing
  30. Regulation of Respiration
  31. Pneumonia Tuberculosis Symptoms Treatment
  32. Bronchitis – Acute bronchitis, Chronic Bronchitis Causes
  33. Circulatory System – Functioning of Human heart
  34. Cardiac Cycle
  35. Coronary blood vessel and its significance
  36. Myocardial infarction
  37. Angina pectoris
  38. Angiogram – Angioplasty
  39. Atherosclerosis
  40. Heart block Echo cardiography Heart Valves
  41. Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD), ICCU – (Intensive Coronary Care Unit)
  42. Blood Pressure
  43. Heart transplantation
  44. Pulse rate
  45. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
  46. Blood – Composition of plasma – Blood cells
  47. Clotting of Blood or Haemostasis
  48. Thrombosis
  49. Nervous system Co-ordination systems
  50. The Brain – Fore Brain, Midbrain, Hindbrain
  51. Memory
  52. Sleep – Types of sleep
  53. Stroke – Brain haemorrhage
  54. Alzheimer – Meningitis (Brain fever)
  55. Conditioned reflex
  56. Electroencephalography EEG
  57. Right and Left brain concept
  58. Spinal cord functioning
  59. Chemical co-ordination – Functions of Endocrine glands
  60. Hypothalamus
  61. Pituitary gland – hormone
  62. Hormones of Neurohypophysis – vasopressin
  63. Thyroid gland
  64. Parathyroid Gland
  65. Pancreas
  66. Adrenal gland
  67. Gonads
  68. Receptor Organs – Eye
  69. Photochemistry of Retinal visual Pigments
  70. Errors of refraction
  71. Optometry – Retinopathy
  72. Cataract – Lens Replacement – Glaucoma – Nyctalopia
  73. Eye Infections and Eye Care
  74. Ear
  75. Mechanism of hearing
  76. Defects of the ear
  77. Hearing Aid – Noise pollution
  78. Skin and functions of skin
  79. Melanin functions
  80. Effects of solar radiation / UV radiation – Skin grafting
  81. Dermatitis
  82. Tongue – Mechanism of Stimulation
  83. Excretion Ureotelism Nephron
  84. Mechanism of urine formation
  85. Renal Failure, Dialysis, Kidney Machines
  86. Kidney stone – Kidney transplantation
  87. Diabetes mellitus
  88. Functioning of male reproductive system
  89. Functioning of female reproductive system
  90. Ovulation and fate of the ovum – Menstrual cycle
  91. Fertilization
  92. Birth control

Microbiology : Zoology

Introduction-History of Medical Microbiology-The influence of
Pasteur Koch, and Lister-Virology, Structure, Genetics, Culture and diseases-AIDS and its control-Bacteriology-Structure,Genetics and diseases-Protozoan microbiology- Disease oriented-Pathogenecity of Micro organism-Anti microbial resistance Chemotherapy.

Unit 2 – Microbiology Topic List Zoology

  1. Microbiology Introduction and History of Medical Microbiology
  2. Pasteur, Koch, Lister
  3. Structure of Viruses
  4. Viral genetics
  5. Virus Culture
  6. Viral Diseases
  7. Bacteria Structure Culture
  8. Bacterial Genetics
  9. Bacterial Diseases
  10. Protozoan microbiology
  11. Pathogenecity of Microorganisms
  12. Antimicrobial Resistance
  13. Antibiotics and Chemotherapy
  14. AIDS – HIV

Immunology: Zoology

Innate(Non-specific) Immunity-Anatomical Barriers-Physiological Barriers-Phagocytic Barriers-Lymphoidal organs -Thymus-Bursa of Fabricius-Peripheral Lymphoid Organs-Lymph nodes-Spleen-Antibodies-Immunoglobulins-Regions of polypepetide chain-Transplantation immunology-Classification of grafts- Genetic basis of organ transplants-Immune system disorder.

Unit 3 – Immunology Topic List Zoology

  1. IMMUNOLOGY
  2. Acquired Immunity
  3. Structure and Functions of the Immune System
  4. Peripheral Lymphoid Organs
  5. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
  6. Antigenic determinants and epitopes
  7. Antibodies – Immunoglobulins
  8. Transplantation immunology
  9. Genetic basis of organ transplants
  10. Immune system disorders

Modern genetics : Zoology

Introduction-Scope-Human Genetics karyotyping Chromosome gene mapping, Recombinant DNA technology and segmenting. Genetic diseases-Human Genome project-Cloning-Transgenic organisms Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)-Genetherapy-Bio informatics application-DNA sequencing and protein structure.Biological database

UNIT 4. MODERN GENETICS Topic List Zoology

  1. MODERN GENETICS Introduction and Scope
  2. Human Genetics – Karyotyping
  3. Karyotyping of Human chromosomes
  4. Genetic Engineering
  5. Tools Of Genetic Engineering
  6. Restriction enzymes – Recombinant DNA Technology
  7. DNA – Segmenting / Fragmenting
  8. Genetic Diseases
  9. Human Genome Project (HGP)
  10. Cloning
  11. Transgenic organisms
  12. Gene Therapy
  13. Bioinformatics
  14. Scope of Genetic Engineering – Scope of Bioinformatics
  15. Database
  16. Genome sequencing
  17. Protein structure

Environmental science : Zoology

Human population and explosion-Issue-Global warming Crisis Green House Effect-Ozone layer depletion Waste mangement-Biodiversiy conservation (Biosphere reserves) Government and Non Govermental organisations involved-Energy crisis and Environmental impact-Poverty and environment-Fresh water crisis and management.

UNIT 5. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Topic List Zoology

  1. Human population and explosion
  2. Population Explosion
  3. Growing Population and Environmental impacts
  4. Global warming – Green house effect
  5. Ozone layer depletion
  6. Prevention and Effect of Ozone depletions
  7. Waste management – Classification
  8. Management of hazardous wastes
  9. Management of non hazardous wastes
  10. Waste water treatment and management
  11. Biodiversity
  12. Conservation of Biodiversity
  13. Characteristics of a Bioreserve
  14. Energy crisis and its environmental impact
  15. Steps to be taken to resolve energy crisis
  16. Environmental impacts of Power Sources
  17. Poverty and environment
  18. Fresh water crisis and management

Applied biology : Zoology

Livestock and Management-Dairy-Breeds of cattle-Milch breed- Draught breed-Dual purpose-Common diseases and control-Exotic and cross breeds- Techniques adopted in cattle breeding. Poultry-Farming techniques-Breeds. Farming methods-Poultry diseases-Economic value. Pisciculture-Fish farming-Edible fishes of Tamilnadu. Medical Lab Techniques-Stethoscope-Sphygmomanometer-Heamocytometer-Urine- Sugar analysis-ECG-’PQRST’wave-CTScan-Endoscopic (Laproscopic) techniques-
Artificial pacemaker-Auto analyser

Unit 6. APPLIED BIOLOGY Topic List Zoology

  1. Livestock and Management
  2. Important cattle breeds and their characteristics
  3. Milch breeds (or) Dairy breeds
  4. Dual purpose breeds & Draught breeds
  5. Exotic breeds of cattle
  6. Common diseases and control in Cattle – Contagious diseases
  7. Non-contagious diseases – Cattle
  8. Techniques adopted in cattle breeding
  9. Poultry Breeds
  10. Farming methods
  11. Poultry byproducts
  12. Fish Pond
  13. Edible Fishes Of Tamilnadu
  14. Medical Lab Techniques – Stethoscope
  15. Sphygmomanometer
  16. Haemocytometer
  17. Urine Sugar analysis
  18. ECG Electrocardiogram
  19. Computed Tomography CT
  20. Endoscopy (Laproscopy) techniques , Artificial Pacemaker
  21. Autoanalyser

Theories of evolution : Zoology

Lamarckism-Neolamarckism-Darwinism-NeoDarwinism / Modern concept of natural selection-Species concept-Origin of species and Isolating Mechanisms

Unit 7. THEORIES OF EVOLUTION Topic List Zoology

  1. Theories Of Evolution Introduction
  2. Lamarck Laws
  3. Neo Lamarckism
  4. Darwinism
  5. Theory of Natural Selection
  6. Objections to Darwinism
  7. Modern concept of Natural Selection

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Root Canal Treatment

Image
Root Canal Treatment Root Canal Treatment is a modern dental procedure to save a tooth in which the pulp (the living tissue within a tooth) has died or become untreatably diseased, usually as a result of extensive dental caries. Steps involved in Root Canal Treatment (1) A hole is drilled into the crown to remove all material from the pulp chamber. The root canals are then cleaned with fine-tipped instruments. The procedure is usually monitored by X-rays. (2) The cavity is washed out, and antibiotic paste and a temporary filling are packed into it. Some days later, the filling is removed and the canals are checked for sterlity. (3) When no infection can be detected, the cavity is filled with a sealing paste and/or tapering solid “point” made of gutta – percha resin mixed with zinc and bismuth oxides. The mouth of cavity is then sealed with cement. Related Topics in Zoology: Bio Zoology All Important Topics Human Physiology Introduction Nutrition Carbohydrates Poly hydroxyaldehydes...
Read more

Eye Infections and Eye Care

Image
Eye Infections and Eye Care Eye Infections 1. Stye A stye is an acute infection of the glands located at the eyelid margin. There is swelling, pain, itching and redness in a small area at the lid margin. Treatment consists of using frequent warm compresses on the eye. (Eye Infections) 2. Conjunctivitis: Infection in the conjuctiva is called conjunctivitis. Due to the infection the invisible blood vessels within the conjunctiva become engorged. Inflammation of the conjuctiva causes redness, discomfort and a discharge from the affected eye. The most common causes for conjunctivitis are infections (in children) and allergy (in adults). (Eye Infections) 2a. Infective conjunctivitis : Most conjunctival infection are caused by bacteria (e.g staphylococci) and are spread by hand-to-eye contact or by viruses associated with a cold, sore throat, or illness such as measles, viral conjunctivitis sometimes occurs in epidemics, spreading rapidly through schools and other groups. (Eye Infections) 2b...
Read more

Botanical description of Hibiscus rosa sinensis

Image
Botanical description of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Hibiscus rosa sinensis Botanical description of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Hibiscus rosa sinensis General Characters Habit Perennial shrub. Root Tap root system. Stem Aerial, erect, cylindrical, woody and branched. Leaf Simple, Alternate, petiolate, stipulate, serrate, glabrous, apex acuminate with multicostate reticulate venation. Inflorescence Solitary cyme and axillary. Flower Pedicel jointed, bracteate, bracteolate, bisexual, large, showy, pentamerous, dichlamydeous, actinomorphic, complete and hypogynous and mucilage is present in floral parts. Epicalyx 5 to 8 bracteoles outer to the calyx. They are green and free. Calyx Sepals 5, green, gamosepalous showing valvate aestivation and odd sepal is posterior in position. Corolla Petals 5, variously coloured, polypetalous but fused at the base and showing twisted aestivation. Androecium Numerous stamens, monadelphous, filaments are fused to form a staminal tube around the style. Staminal tube...
Read more